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Berlin - The issue of broadband Internet has Angela Merkel (CDU) has for some time. When so-called IT-summit in November 2008 the Chancellor had already from its ambitious plans for expanding the broadband network in Germany is spoken, and now, two days before the opening of the Cebit IT fair, it was
in her weekly video message concrete: Broadband for all by 2010, even taking advantage of television frequencies released: "98 percent of households already have the option of a broadband connection with a transfer rate of at least one megabit per second to get. But this is not enough for us yet."
REUTERS
German Chancellor Angela Merkel: "At least" 50 megabits
The next step, the Merkel announced, is far more ambitious: High-speed connections for 75 percent of households by 2014. Where currently one to six megabits per second through the pipes trickle, then to 50-megabits-rush currents, and although "at least", said Merkel.
But times, as Germany's telephone network, the state owned, are gone - and so can the federal government only appeal, negotiate and promote a little bit - but let cables Merkel can not. And in what she imagines it is the EU institutions in the way.
"Certainly," said the Chancellor, we need "private provider". Merkel continued: "This requires the regulation of markets in such a way that incentives for investment not only in urban areas are, but also in the less populated areas." We will in the EU Council in March on this issue with the European Commission.
That is: The chancellor wants to be happy on the side of the former state company Deutsche Telekom represent. Because one wants to like high-speed fiber-optic cables, as they are for Merkel's 50-Mbps network needs. Other hand, it would have been in the telecom prefer if they just start their own businesses have access to this new infrastructure. For consumers this would mean: If ultra-fast network access, you must, willy-nilly, telecom client. For the competitors in the telecom market would be a moderate disaster. The EU Commissioner Viviane Reding inside (media) and Neelie Kroes (competition) to see the greed of the former state company therefore highly critical.
The telecom regulatory calls as little as possible
Telekom boss René Obermann has had with the IT Summit in November warned that the industry will need billions only invest if the business risks are predictable and you in this area could also earn money. So far there is over-regulation by the EU Commission, the emphasis on popular prices for the consumers do. However, this was a crucial investment brake. Obermann: "We need a regulation, not more money from the market takes." Many, however, are rather of the opinion that the regulation, such as mobile roaming, more than the absurd high profit margins of companies in this area diminishes a little.
As for the lofty goal of nationwide broadband cabling costs and would bring about, the estimates differ. Obermann began, numbers of branch organization Bitkom below the level of investment required to "40 to 50 billion euros" to.
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Significantly cheaper would be the solution to the problem of approximately 730,000, according to Merkel German households which currently do not have access to fast Internet connections, not even on a normal DSL. It would, said the Chancellor,
"so-called digital dividend" to the "provider of broadband access" to distribute, and "very fast". The term refers to the television spectrum caused by the transition to digital terrestrial broadcasting will be freed. At these frequencies could be just as Internet content transport - but would need for the return channel continues to be a wired connection.
TV frequencies, the idea met with resistance from the transmitter
The problem with the reasonable-sounding plan: The TV providers did not feel like the freed frequencies so easy missions. The lobbyists, especially the representatives of broadcasters from Germany, France and England,
closed, when the EU parliament in September 2008 on the allocation of television frequencies to vote.
The Parliament finally moved to the proposal, in less than two years a "Spectrum Summit" to organize the 2010 dispute is resolved. Merkel's promise that the digital dividend "quickly" to distribute, seems to be simply the pace of work of European institutions and the resistance of the TV lobby fail. The German Association of Private Broadcasting and Telemedia (VPRT) was made because even with the adjournment would now "among other interests, including the broadcasting sufficiently considered."
MOBILE BROADBAND FORMATS
UMTS
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System - is often referred to as standard for third generation (3G) that it takes much higher data rates than its predecessor, enables GSM. German UMTS networks typically create a bandwidth of 384 kbit / s for data transmission from the terminal Mobilfunkmast. Regular DSL connections offer today übrlicherweise 1024 Kbit / s. (more on blogs KNOW)
HSDPA
High Speed Downlink Packet Access - is based on UMTS on, but reached significantly higher transmission rates in the transmission of Mobilfunkmast for the device. The practically achievable data rate is currently at 1.4 Mbit / s. Through technological improvements, it gradually to 5.1 Mbit / s rise. (more on blogs KNOW)
GPRS
General Packet Radio Service - this standard decomposed data at stations in individual packets, it transmits gestückelt and puts them back together at the receiver. By bundling multiple transmission channels is theoretically a transmission rate of up to 171.2 kbit / s possible. In practical operation, it is usually 55.6 Kbit / s - so slow modems were in the days before DSL. (more on blogs KNOW)
Edge
Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution - technology to increase the rate of data transmission in GSM mobile networks. Through more efficient modulation techniques are in the sum up to 384 kbit / s can be achieved - that is UMTS speed. Edge has been accessed in 75 countries. (more on blogs KNOW)
WiMax
The WiMax technology includes several standards, data on different radio frequencies. Some WiMax standards require a visual connection between the transmitter and receiver, other signals can also penetrate walls. Tests WiMax will have data transfer rates of more than 100 Mbit / s has been achieved. Hermann Lipfert, an expert in wireless networks at the Munich Institute for Broadcasting Technology (IRT) estimates that in a regular-WiMax wireless cell Tranferraten from 50 Mbit / s are realistic - under ideal conditions and with application of all presently available technical tricks. This range would need to be as in UMTS all users share in the respective cell line. (more on blogs KNOW)
DVB-T
The DVB-T standard provides for the distribution of digital television signals by radio. The DVB standard is also designed to evaluate Internet content to transfer - in the frequency range of a single analogue television channel (about 7 MHz) fit, but just 13 megabits per second into it. If a single broadcast station that is 20 users hanging around the same time, a file download to try, it will be close - the data rate for each user would be less than one Mbit / s, ie lower than the cheapest DSL connections that are currently on offer are. "The biggest risk for this technology is, from the present to become obsolete," says Sven Hansen from the computer magazine "c't". Applying the content over DVB, which also goes in only one direction - just like in television. The return channel must then be produced by other means, such as via a conventional telephone line. Mouse clicks in the browser went with this method over the telephone line to the provider, the requested pages woul!
d be of the DVB broadcast station back to the receiver gefunkt. This is cumbersome - and slow. (more on blogs KNOW)
LTE
Long Term Evolution is the name that a number of mobile phone companies a broader standard of the fourth generation mobile communications have given. LTE is basically an evolution of UMTS - but requires completely new hardware, including new broadcasting stations. LTE competes with the WiMax standard to the market leader in the mobile Internet of the future - between the two standards may be a new format war. LTE has been estimated by experts to WiMax, however, about two years behind what the technological development. (More at blogs KNOW)
In addition to the alternative wireless network will also expand the traditional DSL connections supported, so Merkel is now in the podcast: "For example, in the economic package funds be used to empty and thus to lay the technical requirements for a broadband connection in the field."
Only a fully networked Germany could strengthened from the current crisis emerge, the Chancellor said in essence: "What used to be an electricity connection or a water or sewage connection was that in the future will also be a broadband connection." She was of the opinion that "the future of rural areas very much depends on the technical possibilities that there are the same as in the urban areas."
Thus, the Chancellor no doubt right. The question is whether they will be able to maintain their promises broadband account.
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