The flash is probably the most universal source of light in photography. Regardless of the power grid, it offers plenty of light in the smallest space, but can do much more than simply offset the lack of brightness, and some special lighting effects will only be by an external flash is possible. Despite the modern camera technology is the use of flash, but still problematic. In this chapter you will learn how to perfect flash photos succeed.
Technical basics of lightning
A flash makes many photo only possible, its inclusion without artificial light only blurred or underexposed would have become. Despite great progress in the flash and camera technology is the use of a flash unit, but still problematic and often leads to the desired result.
Even the use of a digital camera did not alter the fundamental problems of flash photography changed. The most common errors when using a flash unit are:
hard red eye shadow a strong brightness waste, resulting in a completely overexposed foreground dark background leads
The exposure of flash is also compatible with the digital camera is not easy, mainly two reasons:
1. The flashlight illuminates only a fraction of a second.
2. The strong brightness of waste when using a flash unit is the physical basis implies that the light intensity by the square of the distance decreases. That is: If an object is twice as far, only a quarter of the original Light. At daylight shots rarely falls on this, because the daylight is very long way from the sun and back "a few" meters more or less play virtually no role, so that large objects are relatively evenly lit. The flash, however, is only a few meters away from the subject and the brightness rapidly waste is clearly visible. In practice, this means that although the main motive in two meters away perfectly lit, but all the objects that are closer to the flash is completely overexposed and the background in black sinks.
PERSONAL Michael Hennemann has been working for over seven years as a freelance travel photographer. He studied geography and could also train technicians for the photo. Neither the study nor its placement in the editorial offices of GEO and Baedeker could dissuade him from what he prefers tat: Outside, on the way. The avid travelers finally made his passion into a profession. www.michael-hennemann.de
For the correct use of the flash unit and for optimal exposure in the flash photography, it is therefore important to understand how certain settings on the photo are:
The choice of the aperture affects the blitz as well as the ambient light in equal measure. The shutter speed, however, is always longer than the extremely short duration of the flash lighting and therefore has only an effect on the amount of ambient light in the overall exposure, the share of flash on the other hand, is not affected. The only way to share the flash of light throughout the volume of photos to change, is to reduce the flash output.
Michael Hennemann existing long-term exposure to daylight with an exposure time of 1 second at aperture 11
Michael Hennemann long-term exposure with the same settings, but now with a fill-in flash, the more brilliance in drawing and brings the flowers
Michael Hennemann If flash and aperture settings remain unchanged, but the exposure time is shortened (in this case to 1 / 125 s), decreasing the proportion of permanent light in the total exposure. The flowers in the foreground remain unchanged, but the background is sinking in the darkness, because the amount of light the flash quadratically decreases with the distance
SynchronzeitBlitzgerätAufhellblitzBlitzlicht soft machenObwohl the closures of modern digital cameras, short exposure times of 1 / 4000 or 1 / 8000 seconds permit is the shortest exposure time you when photographing with flash can adjust (the so-called synchronous time), at 1 / 125 or 1 / 250 second. The explanation lies in the function of the slot closure, the two shutter curtain is formed. At the beginning of the exposure will open the first shutter curtain and shows the way for the lens through the incident light to the sensor. According to the adjusted exposure time is then a second curtain, the beam closes. At very short exposure time is the second curtain already in motion, even before the first curtain the beam path is completely released. Both curtains moving in parallel between himself and give a slot free, by the light on the sensor can be covered. As the flash lights up only very briefly (for about 1 / 1000 second), this leads to faster shutter speeds mean that !
the flash only on the slot is released. For a correct flash exposure are therefore only possible exposure times, where the shutter is fully open. The shortest time is called synchronous time and is in most digital cameras, depending on the model of the above 1 / 125 and 1 / 250 seconds. For shorter periods, the synchronous speed of the shutter curtains are raised, what with only a high technical effort. Therefore, only absolute professional models Synchronous shorter periods. An alternative to the other with digital cameras shorter shutter speeds can be adjusted, the so-called FP-short synchronization, which offer some flashes. It is not just a flash, but a variety of performing high-frequency pulses, and so has a longer duration simulated lighting, which is also shorter than the shutter speed synchronous real time allow. Of course, this technology is not the full flash output are retrieved and the use of short-FP synchronization means a reduction in the effective flash Lei!
tzahl.Das either at the beginning of the exposure ignited (whe!
n the fi
rst shutter curtain lengang the radiation released) or the end of the exposure (the second before the curtain closes rays). With some cameras, you can choose between standard-TTL and TTL Fill choose. When standard TTL operation when calculating the exposure, only the main subject considered in the recruitment TTL Fill the other hand will also be taken into account the background. The camera's computer doses the flash output automatically so that a smooth illumination of foreground and background with a good balance between natural light and flashlight reached wird.Egal whether built-in camera flash or external flash system with swivel reflector? the flash is always a small spot light source and the relatively harsh light often ugly, hard shadows. To the hard abzusoften flashlight, you can either indirectly or lightning flash equipped with a diffuser. The trade picture, there are a number of such intentions, for example, of substances (www.stofen.com), Lastolite (www.lastolit!
e.com) or Lumiquest (www.lumiquest.com), and even correct Softboxes as professional studio flash systems. ->
Michael HennemannBei a long-term exposure with synchronization on the first curtain pushes An motive moving light track before him, which is a very unnatural causes impression
Michael HennemannBei of synchronization in the second shutter curtain, however, the light trail behind the moving object.
Modern flash units offer a variety of functions that you sometimes at lightning, in part due to the digital camera can set. There are basically three different flash modes:
Michael HennemannAuf the back of the flash information system including a display on the selected mode, and control buttons allow different settings
In automatic mode determines a sensor on the flash of light reflected from the object volume and turns the flash off if the correct exposure is reached. It will calculate the correct exposure settings, some of the camera included. When set manually, the flash is always full power (or a particular, you preset fraction thereof) from. The manual flash control is useful in some special cases such as the Mehrfachblitzen.Beim TTL flash mode (= "Through the lens") attaches to the camera lens by the incident light (both flash and ambient light). With analog cameras, when TTL flash movie from the reflected light is measured. Because the sensor in the camera (or more precisely the Antialising filter before) Reflection other features, the digital cameras can TTL flash operation is no longer measured the reflected light. Therefore, the flash fires just before the actual recording a weak performance from preflash, through the lens is measured. In fractions of seconds the camera computer!
meets the necessary settings for the actual exposure and controls the flash accordingly.
For most of the photos provides TTL flash operation of the best results since its big advantage is that all the lighting effects such as lens properties and perhaps even used lens filters in the measurement to be taken into account.
Michael HennemannMit a milky plastic essay is the flash softer
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