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Hamburg - Frequency Allocation Plan Regulation. Did you this concept behind it brought little energy left to deal with its contents to employ. The driving force behind the dynamite belonging Wortungetüm: On Friday, the Federal Council will advise on the arrangements. If he opts for the regulation issue, it is for manufacturers of wireless microphones for their existence.
AP
Technical difficulties: even Mick Jagger could affect the frequency conversion
If the regulation in force, the frequencies at least from 2016 for broadband reserved. The fact that the DSL service in Germany, to say the poor, is now also arrived in large cities. Five million German are still cut off from the high-speed Internet. Especially in rural areas, there are correspondingly many "white spots" on the map, it says prayer wheel from the federal government.
My antidote: Preferring fast as many households with a broadband connection. "Just as others - such as China - the railway and road networks expand, so we build our broadband network," said German Chancellor Angela Merkel (CDU) at the end of last year. By the end of 2010, according to their will cover DSL connections that until 2014, three quarters of all German households with transfer rates of at least 50 megabits per second coverage. A noble goal, for achieving wireless Internet plays a major role.
"That was all clear from the beginning"
However, radio frequencies are scarce in Germany. What in the jargon "compatibility problems between the microphones and broadband" is called, is a clear: both want the same frequencies. The network will be fast using Wimax standard or the competing Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology in the field from 790 to 862 megahertz radio. This, however, is already occupied. The Federal Network Agency in Germany for the award is responsible, has made the field by the end of 2015 for the use of wireless microphones available.
It must be the users of wireless microphones are already limiting, because they are secondary users of the frequency range. Mainly, the frequencies used by broadcasters. "That was all clear from the outset, even the microphone manufacturers. The restriction to 2015 was also never been to the debate," says Rudolf Boll, spokesman for the Federal Network Agency, which for the award of the spectrum is responsible.
The microphone manufacturers and users on the other hand, warn that in case of varying frequencies may be a trouble-free operation is no longer guaranteed, such as at public events. Come to wireless and broadband frequencies in the way, bangs, hums and beeps from the speakers. And radio microphones are everywhere: whether at big events like the World Cup, the Rolling Stones concert or a theater in town.
"Significant effort"
In Germany, total of 700,000 radio microphones in the circulation, at a frequency change would need to be replaced. "In Hanover, there are 700 radio mics," says Sennheiser boss Volker Bartels. The audio technology manufacturer with headquarters near the capital of Lower Saxony looks worried in the future, because a significant portion of its sales of 386 million euros last year based on the business of wireless microphones. "Approximately 30 percent", as Bartels says. Half of them had on the frequency conversion threatened.
"It did not break away all the revenue, because we are the licensed products against systems can exchange. Nevertheless, the shift a significant burden for customers and for us." He asks that users such as manufacturers long enough to change the frequency can prepare. "The fact that we are the band sooner or later have to change is clear. But we need long-term precise targets, which range then we can use." Finally, do the research and development department planned bases for their work.
Federal Network Agency and the government do with specific statements on back, with what frequency the emigrants should happen. In one utilization, the authority in several bands before, but then finds that these malfunctions or otherwise occupied.
Would offer some of the lower frequency range from 174 to 230 megahertz - this is loud but because of its utilization as an alternative Störträchtigkeit area is not suitable. Then there is the range from 470 to 790 megahertz, although for large radio productions such as the Eurovision Song Contest or election events is provided. Therefore, this "only in exceptional cases? A single allocation to other users take place," the agency network.
MOBILE BROADBAND FORMATS
UMTS
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System - is often referred to as standard for third generation (3G) that it takes much higher data rates than its predecessor, enables GSM. German UMTS networks typically create a bandwidth of 384 kbit / s for data transmission from the terminal Mobilfunkmast. Regular DSL connections offer today übrlicherweise 1024 Kbit / s. (more on blogs KNOW)
HSDPA
High Speed Downlink Packet Access - is based on UMTS to achieve but significantly higher transmission rates in the transmission of Mobilfunkmast to the terminal. The practically achievable data rate is currently at 1.4 Mb / s. Through technological improvements, it gradually to 5.1 Mbit / s rise. (more on blogs KNOW)
GPRS
General Packet Radio Service - this standard decomposed data at stations in individual packets, transmits them gestückelt and puts them back together at the receiver. By bundling multiple transmission channels is theoretically a transmission rate of up to 171.2 kbits / s possible. In practical operation, it is usually 55.6 Kbps - modems were so slow in the days before DSL. (more on blogs KNOW)
Edge
Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution - technology to increase the rate of data transmission in GSM mobile networks. Through more efficient modulation techniques are in the sum up to 384 kbit / s can be achieved - that is UMTS speed. Edge has been accessed in 75 countries. (more on blogs KNOW)
WiMax
The WiMax technology includes several standards, data on different radio frequencies. Some WiMax standards need sight between the transmitter and receiver, other signals can also penetrate walls. Tests WiMax will have data transfer rates of more than 100 Mbit / s has been achieved. Hermann Lipfert, an expert in wireless networks at the Munich Institute for Broadcasting Technology (IRT) estimates that in a regular-WiMax wireless cell Tranferraten from 50 Mbit / s are realistic - under ideal conditions and with application of all presently available technical tricks. This range would need to be as in UMTS all users share in the respective cell line. (more on blogs KNOW)
DVB-T
The DVB-T standard provides for the distribution of digital television signals by radio. The DVB standard is also designed to evaluate Internet content to transfer - in the frequency range of a single analogue television channel (about 7 MHz) fit, but just 13 megabits per second into it. If a single broadcast station that is 20 users hanging around the same time, a file download attempt, it is already tightly - the data rate for each user would be less than one Mbit / s, ie lower than the cheapest DSL connections that are currently on offer are. "The greatest danger to this technique is different from the present to be overhauled," said Sven Hansen from the computer magazine "c't". Applying the content via DVB, which also goes in only one direction - just like in television. The return channel must then be produced by other means, such as through a conventional telephone line. Mouse clicks in the browser went with this method over the telephone line to the provider, the req!
uested pages would be of the DVB broadcast station back to the receiver gefunkt. This is cumbersome - and slow. (more on blogs KNOW)
LTE
Long Term Evolution is the name that a number of mobile phone companies a broader standard of the fourth generation mobile phone has been given. LTE is basically an evolution of UMTS - but requires completely new hardware, including new stations. LTE competes with the WiMax standard to the market leader in the mobile Internet of the future - between the two standards may be a new format war. LTE has been estimated by experts to WiMax, however, about two years behind in terms of technological development. (More at blogs KNOW)
Long term, the manufacturer, therefore the higher frequency from 1455 megahertz to dodge. The problem: High frequencies for radio microphones are unsuitable also threatening disorders. Is it after the Federal Network Agency, however, this is the problem of the manufacturer. It simply calls on companies to "quickly marketable products in the alternative, higher frequency bands to develop."
That sounds great, but it cost time. "If we Mikros for a different frequency range to produce, it takes two to three years, until the new technology is fully established," said chief Sennheiser Bartels. Finally, we must know the conditions under which the micro is used. "If you build ships, you must first know where the ships go to," says Bartels. Whether canal, river or sea is ultimately a huge difference - it was similar in microphones for different frequencies.
Nevertheless, the Federal Council on Friday most likely for the Internet radio decision. Lower Saxony Prime Minister Christian Wulff (CDU) has already announced last week that the leaders of the countries on the release of spectrum for broadband applications have understanding. Earlier, the Confederation and the countries argued over who should pay for the changeover. Now's probably still depend on the federal government: He was "basically ready", the costs.
In this case, the similar licenses
as in the infamous UMTS auction in 2000 in the mobile telecommunications company auctioning. "This is the first option, which the law provides," says Boll from the Federal Network Agency. The then record sum of 50 billion euros will be in times of economic crisis and abate not reach the Internet euphoria. But even with a fraction of the current could not bid for spectrum users: "Since we had no chance," says Bartels Sennheiser. "These sums, we can as a medium-sized enterprises not afford."
Instead, probably Vodafone, T-Mobile and Co. jostle around the license. Finally, they ensure that the broadband rollout is under way. The number of users will probably begin to stay clear, because the companies have pledged to give priority to unserved rural areas yet to tap.
The fact that users of wireless microphones are not left behind, says Network Agency spokesman Boll: "It will continue to be well served. There is no doubt." How exactly should go, but he can not say.
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